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31.
32.
Kamran Zaheer 《Drug development and industrial pharmacy》2018,44(3):444-451
Food induced viscosity can delay disintegration and subsequent release of API from solid dosage form which may lead to severe reduction in the bioavailability of BCS type III compounds. Formulations of such tablets need to be optimized in view of this postprandial viscosity factor. In this study, three super disintegrants, croscarmellose sodium (CCS), cross-linked polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (CPD), and sodium starch glycolate (SSG) were assessed for their efficiency under simulated fed state. Tablets containing these disintegrants were compressed at 10 and 30?KN, while taking lactose as a soluble filler. In addition to other compendial tests, disintegration force of these formulations was measured by texture analysis. Comparison of parameters derived from force – time curves revealed a direct relation of maximum disintegration force (Fmax) and disintegration force development rate (DFDR) with compressional force in fasted state, whereas an inverse relationship of Fmax and DFDR with compressional force was observed in fed state. The gelling tendency of disintegrants influenced the rate of release of API in simulated fed and fasted states when compressional force was changed. These observations recommend the evaluation of formulations in simulated fed state, in the development stage, with an objective of minimizing the negative impact of food induced viscosity on disintegration. Use of disintegrants that act without gelling or can counteract the effect of gelling is recommended for tablet formulations with reduced disintegration time (DT) and mean dissolution time (MDT) in fed state, respectively. 相似文献
33.
A wide-band, passively Q-switched fibre lasers based on ytterbium- and thulium-doped fibre gain medium are proposed and demonstrated. The lasers employ a transition metal dichalcogenide, tungsten sulphoselenide as a saturable absorber (SA) which is prepared by mechanical exfoliation technique. By integrating the SA in the laser cavities, self-starting Q-switched at 1038 and 1982?nm are obtained. The generated pulses exhibit a microsecond pulse duration with few kilohertz repetition rate. The proposed SA has high potential as a new material to cater to the needs of various scientific, industrial and biomedical applications. 相似文献
34.
35.
Giorgio Benedek Joseph R. Manson Salvador Miret-Artés 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2020,32(25):2002072
Atom scattering is becoming recognized as a sensitive probe of the electron–phonon interaction parameter λ at metal and metal-overlayer surfaces. Here, the theory is developed, linking λ to the thermal attenuation of atom scattering spectra (in particular, the Debye–Waller factor), to conducting materials of different dimensions, from quasi-1D systems such as W(110):H(1 × 1) and Bi(114), to quasi-2D layered chalcogenides, and high-dimensional surfaces such as quasicrystalline 2ML-Ba(0001)/Cu(001) and d-AlNiCo(00001). Values of λ obtained using He atoms compare favorably with known values for the bulk materials. The corresponding analysis indicates in addition, the number of layers contributing to the electron–phonon interaction, which is measured in an atom surface collision. 相似文献
36.
Pin Liu Yujing Zhang Yiwei Zhu Baoyan Fan Wenru Li Haibo Zhang Shenglin Jiang 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2019,102(4):1912-1920
Energy storage capacitors with high recoverable energy density and efficiency are greatly desired in pulse power system. In this study, the energy density and efficiency were enhanced in Mn-modified (Pb0.93Ba0.04La0.02)(Zr0.65Sn0.3Ti0.05)O3 antiferroelectric ceramics via a conventional solid-state reaction process. The improvement was attributed to the change in the antiferroelectric-to-ferroelectric phase transition electric field (EF) and the ferroelectric-to-antiferroelectric phase transition electric field (EA) with a small Mn addition. Mn ions as acceptors, which gave rise to the structure variation, significantly influenced the microstructures, dielectric properties and energy storage performance of the antiferroelectric ceramics. A maximum recoverable energy density of 2.64 J/cm3 with an efficiency of 73% was achieved when x = 0.005, which was 40% higher than that (1.84 J/cm3, 68%) of the pure ceramic counterparts. The results demonstrate that the acceptor modification is an effective way to improve the energy storage density and efficiency of antiferroelectric ceramics by inducing a structure variation and the (Pb0.93Ba0.04La0.02)(Zr0.65Sn0.3Ti0.05)O3-xMn2O3 antiferroelectric ceramics are a promising energy storage material with high-power density. 相似文献
37.
In this paper, a nonconforming finite element method (NFEM) is proposed for the constrained optimal control problems (OCPs) governed by a bilinear state equation. The state and adjoint state are approximated by the nonconforming element, and the control is approximated by the orthogonal projection through the state and adjoint state. Some superclose and superconvergence properties are obtained by full use of the distinguish characters of this element, such as the interpolation operator equals the Ritz projection, and the consistency error is one order higher than its interpolation error in the broken energy norm. Finally, some numerical results are provided to verify the theoretical analysis. 相似文献
38.
A two‐step synthetic procedure is designed for preparing new flame‐retardant methacrylic monomers containing 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO) as a substituent side group. DOPO and methacrylate moieties are linked by linear aliphatic hydrocarbon spacers (3 to 11 carbon atoms). Copolymerization with methyl methacrylate is carried out leading to copolymers containing between 2 and 10 wt% phosphorus. All homo‐ and copolymers exhibit a unique glass transition temperature (Tg ). A new group contribution for DOPO‐based substituent is extracted that leads to reasonable estimations of Tg s of other published polymers. The Fox equation provides a good estimation of Tg s for most copolymers and for physical blends of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and DOPO. When using monomers having three and four carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon spacer, the Tg of copolymers remains close to that of PMMA over a wide range of composition. 相似文献
39.
Hydrolytic stability is an essential requirement for polyurethanes (PUs) that are used in highly humid and aqueous environments. In this study, hydrolysis-resistant PU elastomers (PUEs) are synthesized based on hydrophobic bio-based polyfarnesene diol (PFD), which contains unique “bottle brushes” structure (with long branched hydrocarbon side chains). The effect of hard segment (HS) content, ranging from 30 to 50%, on the morphology and properties of PUEs is investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, tensile, water absorption, and contact angle measurements. The results show that there are prominent phase separations in the synthesized PUEs. The PUEs show a three-stage degradation process and two Tg, one is at about −66 °C and the other 61 °C, which are related to the soft segment and HS, respectively. Water contact angles of PUEs increase from 98.6 to 105.2° with the increasing of PFD structural unit fraction. After being immersed in deionized water for 30 days, PUEs show no significant degradation of both tensile strength and elongation at break, and mass changes of all samples are less than 0.5%. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47673. 相似文献
40.
Yuehui Ji Hailiang Zhou Qun Zong 《International Journal of Adaptive Control and Signal Processing》2019,33(5):829-842
An adaptive neural network (NN) command filtered backstepping control is proposed for the pure‐feedback system subjected to time‐varying output/stated constraints. By introducing a one‐to‐one nonlinear mapping, the obstacle caused by full stated constraints is conquered. The adaptive control law is constructed by command filtered backstepping technology and radial basis function NNs, where only one learning parameter needs to be updated online. The stability analysis via nonlinear small‐gain theorem shows that all the signals in closed‐loop system are semiglobal uniformly ultimately bounded. The simulation examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme. 相似文献